Santiago Andrés Azcoitia

Research

My affiliations:

  • Information Processing and Telecommunications Center
  • Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
  • IMDEA Networks Institute
  • Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
  • Deloitte
  • Telefónica I+D

234 total citations as of Dec’25.

  • h-index: 7
  • i-index: 6

LAST 5 Publications & Talks

Talk: Panel 4: The EU as a Data Market Maker: Between Proactive Regulation and Aspirational Governance. Workshop Data Markets in Europe: New Trajectories in Law, Technology and Governance. KU Leuven.

Jorge Garcia-Cabeza, Javier Albert-Smet, Zoraida Frias, Luis Mendo, Santiago Andrés Azcoitia, Eduardo Yraola. Direct-to-Cell: A First Look into Starlink’s Direct Satellite-to-Device Radio Access Network through Crowdsourced Measurements. IEEE Communications Magazine. Dec’25 [Dataset]

Economic aspects of national telecommunications/ICTs: Output Report on ITU-D Question 4/1 for the study period 2022-2025. International Telecommunication Union, 2025.

Talk: What’s the data economy, and why should I care?, Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica (IIT). Feb’25. ETSI Informática UPM, Nov’25. Madrid. Spain.

Santiago Andrés Azcoitia, Alicia Cabrero Jiménez. An Interpretable Market-based Data Price Prediction Tool. 3rd Data Economy Workshop at VLDB Conference. London. Sep’25.

Interests

Data Economy, Data Pricing, AI, ML, AI ethics, Digital Regulations, Economics of Networks

News

Workshop @CiTiP

Very happy to have participated in a fantastic Workshop on data markets organised by the Centre for IT & IP Law (CiTiP) @KU Leuven in the context of Project Upcast on 8-9 December 2025. Thanks very much for the invitation! The event explored key legal questions related to data sharing in Europe, including issues of…

A First Look into Starlink’s Direct-to-Cell

NEW PAPER!! We are excited to present the first measurement study of Starlink’s Direct-to-Cell service, a joint effort by UPM’s ICT Group and WePlan Analytics. The study offers an initial look at Starlink’s 4G RAN connecting directly to everyday smartphones. The service was recently launched by Starlink in the U.S. in partnership with T-Mobile and…

ITU Report on the Value of Data

Very happy to see our contribution to the ITU report “Economic Aspects of National Telecommunications/ICTs” finally published. Huge thanks to Axon Partners Group and Jorge Martínez Morando for inviting me to collaborate on this work, to Emanuele Giovannetti who undertook the edition and revision of the chapter, and to IMDEA Networks and UPM that have…

Research Projects

6GREEN Project (2024-2025)  aims to enable and to foster 5/6G networks and vertical applications reducing their carbon footprint by a factor of 10 or more, and to extend “the communication infrastructure into a sustainable, interconnected, greener end-to-end intercompute system” and promote energy efficiency across the whole 5/6G value-chain.

I am involved in developing a framework to incentivise investment and usage of green ICT infrastructure and services.

MLEDGE project (2023-2024)  aims to enable a thriving ecosystem of secure and efficient ML edge services capable of facilitating the use of sensitive personal and B2B data to train ML models for consumers while protecting the privacy of the data and its owners.

I was involved in managing the project and building a market-based federated data pricing tool.

Upcast project (2023-2024) aims to provide a set of universal, trustworthy, transparent, and user-friendly data market plugins for the automation of data sharing and processing agreements.

I was involved in developing a first version of a pricing tool that provides a hint about the price of data in the market.

PIMCITY project (2019-2022) developed tools to increase transparency and provide users with control over their data.

Within WP3, I developed the so-called Data Valuation Tool from the User’s Perspective (DVTUP) to find out the value of data for a particular ML task.

Ecosys project (2004-2007). Techno-economics of integrated communication systems and services.

I developed and applied a strategic techno-economic analysis framework to support decision-making in the telecom industry in the context of fixed-mobile convergence.

All Publications & Talks

Related to the Data Economy

Talk: Panel 4: The EU as a Data Market Maker: Between Proactive Regulation and Aspirational Governance. Workshop Data Markets in Europe: New Trajectories in Law, Technology and Governance. KU Leuven.

Economic aspects of national telecommunications/ICTs: Output Report on ITU-D Question 4/1 for the study period 2022-2025. International Telecommunication Union, 2025.

Santiago Andrés Azcoitia, Alicia Cabrero Jiménez. An Interpretable Market-based Data Price Prediction Tool. 3rd Data Economy Workshop at VLDB Conference. Sep’25. London. United Kingdom.

Talk: Demo: Data Pricing Tool, UPM Conecta. Madrid. Nov’25. Weizenbaum Institute. Berlin. Jul’25. BDVA Activity Group 66. Apr’25. AI Horizons 2024. Madrid. Oct’24.

Talk: What’s the data economy, and why should I care?, Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica (IIT). Feb’25. Madrid. Spain (Recording). ETSI Informática UPM, Nov’25. Madrid. Spain.

Talk and Participation in a panel: “AI to Regulate AI”, Qs4/1, 6/1: Joint Workshop on personal data usage: regulation and economics. International Telecommunications Union (ITU). Apr’24. (Slides)

Talk: Towards a Human-Centric Data Economy. TryIT Conference, Mar’22, IMDEA Networks Institute, Jun’22, and at ETSIT UPM, Oct’23 (Slides)

Santiago Andrés Azcoitia and Alba Ribera Martínez Data Marketplaces and the Data Governance Act: A Business Model Perspective. Sep’23. Kluwer Competition Law Blog (Recording)

Santiago Andrés Azcoitia, under the supervision of Prof. Nikolaos Laoutaris. PhD Thesis. Towards a Human-Centric Data Economy. May’23. Universidad Carlos III de Madrid

Santiago Andrés Azcoitia, Costas Iordanou, and Nikolaos Laoutaris. Understanding the Price of Data in Commercial Data Marketplaces. Apr’23. 39th IEEE *International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE 2023, CORE 2023 rank A*) (Recording) (Slides) (Dataset)

Santiago Andrés Azcoitia, Costas Iordanou, and Nikolaos Laoutaris. Measuring the Price of Data in Commercial Data Marketplaces. 1st ACM Data Economy Workshop in CoNEXT’22. Dec’22. ACM, New York, NY, USA (Slides)

Santiago Andrés Azcoitia and Nikolaos Laoutaris. Try Before You Buy: A practical data purchasing algorithm for real-world data marketplaces. 1st ACM Data Economy Workshop in CoNEXT’22. Dec’ 22. ACM, New York, NY, USA (Slides)

Santiago Andrés Azcoitia, Marius Paraschiv, and Nikolaos Laoutaris. Computing the relative value of spatio-temporal data in data marketplaces. In Proc. of the 30th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems (SIGSPATIAL 2022, CORE 2023 rank A) Nov’22. ACM, New York, NY, USA, Article 23, 1–11 (Slides) (Video)

Santiago Andrés Azcoitia and Nikolaos Laoutaris, A Survey of Data Marketplaces and their Business Models ACM SIGMOD Record (SJR Q2), 51(3). Sep’22. ACM, New York, NY, USA

Giorgio Prette, Roberto Gonzalez, Stefano Traverso, Amir Mehrjoo, Santiago Andres Azcoitia. WORKSHOP: Learn how to implement a PIMS solution. Jun’22. MyData Conference. Helsinki, Finland.

Santiago Andrés Azcoitia, Nikolaos Laoutaris. POSTER: What Is the Price of Data? A Measurement Study of Commercial Data Marketplaces. IMDEA Alumni Workshop Jun’22. Madrid. Spain.

Nikhil Jha, Martino Trevisan, Luca Vassio, Marco Mellia, Stefano Traverso, Alvaro Garcia-Recuero, Nikolaos Laoutaris, Amir Mehrjoo, Santiago Andres Azcoitia, Ruben Cuevas Rumin, Kleomenis Katevas, Panagiotis Papadopoulos, Nicolas Kourtellis, Roberto Gonzalez, Xavi Olivares, George-Marios Kalatzantonakis-Jullien, A PIMS Development Kit for New Personal Data Platforms, in IEEE Internet Computing (SJR Q1), vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 79-84, 1. May’22

Santiago Andrés Azcoitia, Costas Iordanou, and Nikolaos Laoutaris. Poster: What Is the Price of Data? A Measurement Study of Commercial Data Marketplaces ACM Internet Measurement Conference (CORE 2023 rank A). Nov’21. ACM, New York, NY, USA (Poster)

Talk What’s the price of data? A measurement study of commercial data marketplaces. IMDEA Networks Institute, Jun’21. Madrid. Spain.

RELATED To ICT POLICY AND REGULATION

Santiago Andrés Azcoitia, Sergio Illescas Cabiró, and Zoraida Frias – A Framework to Incentivise Green Networks and Infrastructure in the 6G Mobile Ecosystem. ITS Conference Europe. Jun’25. Edinburgh. United Kingdom.

Identificación de mejores prácticas en ciudades para la expansión de la banda ancha en América Latina – CAF – Cet.la – Deloitte (2017)

Actualización regulatoria de servicios fijos. Regímenes de entrada al mercado. Cet.la – Deloitte (2016)

Santiago Andrés. Talk. Red de Banda Ancha de Centroamérica. Expo Telecom Costa Rica. Deloitte, COMTELCA and CAF (Nov’14)

Fernando Huerta, Santiago Andrés et al. Newsletter 2014 Deloitte – Consolidación y Regulación en un mercado digital único europeo – Deloitte (2014)

Fernando Huerta, Santiago Andrés, Manuel Machado. The Digital Europe We Need – Deloitte (2014)

Fernando Huerta, Santiago Andrés, et al. “Newsletter Telecomunicaciones Deloitte 2013. Nuevos retos. Nuevas Estrategias” – Deloitte (2013)

Fernando Huerta, Santiago Andrés, et al. “Newsletter Telecomunicaciones Deloitte 2012 – Haciendo realidad el despliegue de NGAN” – Deloitte (2012)

Javier Valero, Santiago Andrés and Mº Ángeles Martínez. Aspectos económicos relevantes del despliegue de las NGN móviles. Revista de “Política Económica y Regulatoria en Telecomunicaciones nº 3. Telefónica España Contabilidad analítica en Telefónica Data

Ramón Adroher, Juan Ignacio Morales, Sonia Arroyo, Santiago Andrés. Contabilidad Analítica en Telefónica Data. Comunicaciones de Telefónica I+D, ISSN 1130-4693, Nº 33, 2004, págs. 59-68

RELATED TO NetworkING AND techno-economic analysis

Jorge Garcia-Cabeza, Javier Albert-Smet, Zoraida Frias, Luis Mendo, Santiago Andrés Azcoitia, Eduardo Yraola. Direct-to-Cell: A First Look into Starlink’s Direct Satellite-to-Device Radio Access Network through Crowdsourced Measurements. IEEE Communications Magazine. Dec’25 [Dataset]

Santiago Andrés. The disruptive force of SDN and NFV. TM Forum. Jun’16. Nice. France.

Santiago Andrés. Hacia la convergencia del IT y del networking AUTELSI Comunicaciones. (2015)

Fernando Huerta, Santiago Andrés, Carlos Sánchez, and David Martín. Disrupting Telecom SDN & NFV Survey. Key Findings. Deloitte. (2015)

Fernando Huerta, Santiago Andrés, Carlos Sánchez, and David Martín. Disrupting Telecom Business Through SDN & NFV – Deloitte (2014)

Santiago Andrés, Mª Ángeles Martínez, Luis M. Guijarro. El desafío del mercado de banda ancha móvil Boletín de la Sociedad de la Información. Fundación Telefónica

Santiago Andrés, Mª Ángeles Martínez, Luis M. Guijarro. Using bottom-up LRIC models to calculate radio spectrum value for mobile operators 9th Conference of Telecommunication, Media and Internet Techno-Economics, Ghent, Belgium, 2010, pp. 1-7, doi: 10.1109/CTTE.2010.5557716

Santiago Andrés, Mª Ángeles Martínez, El desafío de la explosión del tráfico de datos en las redes móviles, Boletín de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación 179 (2010)

Santiago Andrés, Mª Ángeles Martínez et al. Analysis on the Profitability of Mobile Broadband Flat Rates. 8th Conference of Telecommunication, Media and Internet Techno-Economics, Stockholm, Sweden, 2009

Sidnei Oliveira, Enrique Pérez, Santiago Andrés, Luis M. Guijarro, Juan Fernández-Palacios. Economic analysis for transport network evolution. 8th Conference of Telecommunication, Media and Internet Techno-Economics, Stockholm, Sweden, 2009

Santiago Andrés, Juan Fernández-Palacios, et al. Techno-economic Approach for Multilayer Transport Networks, 14th European Conference on Networks and Optical Communications (NOC 2009). Jun’09. Valladolid. Spain.

Evi Zouganeli, Kristen Bugge, Santiago Andrés, Juan Fernandez-Palacios, Antonio J. Elizondo. Chapter – Drivers for Broadband in Europe of the book on Broadband Access Networks: Technologies and Deployments, Ed. Springer, 2009

Santiago Andrés, Francisco José Martín, Laura Mateo, Óscar González de Dios, Juan Pedro Fernández-Palacios. Techno-Economic Evaluation of Alternatives for the Deployment of a Photonic Mesh. Networks & Optical Communications (NOC) Conference 2008, Krems, Austria

Santiago Andrés. Next Generation Networks Techno-Economic Insights Networks 2008 – The 13th International Telecommunications Network Strategy and Planning Symposium, Budapest, Hungary, 2008, pp. 1-22

Reviews

2023

2024

2025